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Dnes je štvrtok, 28.11.2024
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| > HLAVNÁ STRÁNKA > Publikačná činnosť > Studia Aloisiana |
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| Studia Aloisiana |
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Studia Aloisiana, roč. 4, 2013, č. 3
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Štúdie* Articles
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Studia Aloisiana, roč. 4, 2013, č. 1
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Štúdie* Articles
Recenzie*Reviews
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Studia Aloisiana, roč. 3, 2012, č. 2
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Štúdie* Articles
Recenzie*Reviews
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Studia Aloisiana, roč. 2, 2011, č. 3
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Štúdie* Articles
Recenzie*Reviews
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Ľuboš ROJKA SJ, s. 5
Apriórna nie-logická nutnosť Božieho jestvovania
A Priori Non-Logical Necessity of the Existence of God
There are several a priori principles implied in the traditional theistic arguments for the existence of God, such as the principle of causality or the principle of the impossibility of the infinite regress. In addition, for the a posteriori arguments, in order to succeed, some a priori knowledge of God is necessary. A priori knowledge can be conceptual (analytic) or metaphysical (synthetic). One of the a priori metaphysical constituents of the concept of God is the necessity of the existence of God. Moreland and Craig explain what the metaphysical necessity means and Rasmussen illustrates the way from the contingent reality to the necessary being. A deeper analysis proves their position to be reasonable and provides good answers to the raised objections. One of the goals of the article is to clarify the a priori and a posteriori components of our knowledge of God, and this clarification shows that metaphysical necessity is not identical with the logical necessity. Only the former one should be ascribed to God.
Mária SPIŠIAKOVÁ, s. 21
Sú spontánne teistické presvedčenia epistemicky oprávnené?
Are Spontaneous Theistic Beliefs Epistemically Justified?
Several philosophers have challenged the claim that theistic beliefs are reasonable or justified in the sense that they originate in cognitive malfunctioning or in cognitive proper function but it is aimed at something different than the truth. Alvin Plantinga proposes a model of cognitive mechanism – sensus divinitatis – which explains spontaneous emergence of theistic beliefs and provides a warrant for their reliability. Plantinga argues that often it is reasonable to believe something even without rational reasons. Theistic belief in the existence of God is one of such beliefs. We were created by God in a way that we naturally believe in other minds, in the existence of the world, and in the existence of God without argument or reasons that support these beliefs. L. Zagzebski also supports the view that naturally emerged theistic belief is reasonable. Her argument starts from epistemic universalism that basic trust in our intellectual faculties and opinions commits us to trust others. Therefore, the fact that many people believe in God can be a prima facie a good reason to believe that God exists. If it is not defeated by other trusted aspects of the self, such as the emotions of admiration or disapproval, it is reasonable to believe in God. Both of these epistemic positions together offer a stronger support for the reasonableness of theistic belief in God.
Miroslav KARABA, s. 35
Vybrané koncepcie evolučného prístupu k teórii vedy
Some Concepts in the Evolutionary Approach to the Theory of Science
Evolutionary Epistemology is a naturalistic approach to epistemology, which emphasizes the importance of natural selection in two primary roles. In the first role, selection is the generator and maintainer of the reliability of our senses and cognitive mechanisms, as well as the “fit” between those mechanisms and the world. In the second role, trial and error learning and the evolution of scientific theories are construed as selection processes. EET (Evolutionary Epistemology of Theories) is the label for the program which attempts to analyze the development of human knowledge and epistemological norms by appealing to relevant biological considerations. Some of these attempts consider in this paper involve analyzing the growth of human knowledge in terms of selectionist models and metaphors (Toulmin, Hull).
Andrea BLAŠČÍKOVÁ, s. 47
Prvé princípy v kontexte súčasnej morálnej nezhody : MacIntyrova aristotelovsko-tomistická iniciatíva
First Principles in the Context of Contemporary Moral Disagreement : MacIntyre’s Aristotle-Thomistic Initiative
According to MacIntyre, the contemporary moral disagreement is due to the refusal of the first principles. The first principles guarantied the possibility of universal and true knowledge in the traditional Aristotelian-Thomistic discussion. The paper presents MacIntyre’s initiative focused on revival of first principles of metaphysics. Following from the original Aristotelian-Thomistic reflection he distinguishes inner self-evident principles (per se nota) and principles with substantial content, derived from human experience. The paper points out the triple problem of defining of derived principles – bad condition of human nature, errors involving entire culture and changing character of human acts. MacIntyre proposes the solution of moral disagreement, which on the individual side consists in importance of the education and self-education, and on the moral-theoretic platform in the insistence on dialogue of competing moral enquiries.
Keywords: Alasdair MacIntyre, Thomas Aquinas, first principles, good, goods, human nature, moral disagreement
Ondrej ŠTEFAŇAK, s. 63
Početnosť rodiny a religiozita mládeže : Na príklade Spišskej diecézy
Size of Family and Religiosity of Youth : On an Example of Spiš Diocese
Family and religion are two important social institutions that are changing in the contemporary world as well. For sociology, the field giving rise to this study, is very interesting interconnection between number of siblings in the family and religiosity of youth. We ask, for example: Whether and how number of siblings in the family relates to religious attitudes and behaviour of its members, especially children and youth? Is it true that in families with lower number of children are rarely present religious values? Can it be argued that more religious families have also more children? For these and other questions the present study seeks answers. It relies mainly on my own sociological research of youth religiosity in November 2006.
Keywords: number of siblings, religiosity, youth
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Studia Aloisiana, roč. 2, 2011, č. 1
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Štúdie* Articles
Správy*Materials
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Studia Aloisiana, roč. 1, 2010, č. 2
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Štúdie* Articles
Recenzie*Reviews
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